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System information

$ dmesg - display (kernel) messages generated

dmesg | less
Display messages generated by the kernel. Most importantly the messages displayed when you started Linux, but also messages generated by kernel, since then.

$ df - diskspace free

df -h
Display disk space used, and available for each mounted filesystem, in human-readable (-h) form.

df -hT
Same as above, including display of filesystem type (-T).

$ du - disk usage

du -h
Display disk space used by each directory in current directory, in human-readable form (-h).

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